Does R&D policy support technological innovation? Is the introduction of new products fostered?
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Time Series
OECD
EU
€
Pick countries
2014
2022
Change to 2014
Spain
3.6
5.6
+2.0
Portugal
4.0
5.7
+1.7
Greece
2.9
4.5
+1.6
Italy
3.8
5.1
+1.3
South Korea
7.5
8.7
+1.2
Luxembourg
5.4
6.3
+0.9
Malta
3.6
4.5
+0.9
Croatia
2.8
3.6
+0.8
Ireland
4.7
5.5
+0.8
Netherlands
6.9
7.7
+0.8
Turkey
3.3
4.1
+0.8
Cyprus
3.3
4.0
+0.7
Latvia
3.8
4.5
+0.7
Estonia
5.6
6.2
+0.6
Germany
7.7
8.3
+0.6
Hungary
3.9
4.5
+0.6
Poland
4.2
4.8
+0.6
Australia
4.9
5.4
+0.5
Chile
3.1
3.6
+0.5
Bulgaria
2.6
3.0
+0.4
France
6.5
6.9
+0.4
Norway
6.0
6.4
+0.4
Austria
6.6
6.9
+0.3
Belgium
5.8
6.1
+0.3
Denmark
7.8
8.0
+0.2
Sweden
8.6
8.8
+0.2
USA
7.4
7.6
+0.2
Czechia
4.5
4.6
+0.1
Israel
8.0
8.1
+0.1
Japan
7.2
7.3
+0.1
Romania
2.4
2.5
+0.1
Mexico
2.5
2.5
Canada
5.9
5.8
-0.1
Lithuania
4.7
4.6
-0.1
Slovenia
4.3
4.2
-0.1
New Zealand
5.5
5.3
-0.2
Slovakia
3.3
2.9
-0.4
Iceland
7.2
6.7
-0.5
UK
6.7
6.0
-0.7
Switzerland
8.0
7.2
-0.8
Finland
8.7
7.6
-1.1
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Scores
Scores are from 1 (worst) to 10 (best)
Ranks (#) among 41 countries